Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe

D. Reckien; M. Salvia; F. Pietrapertosa; S.G. Simoes; M. Olazabal; S. De Gregorio Hurtado; D. Geneletti; E. Krkoška Lorencová; V. D'Alonzo; A. Krook-Riekkola; P.A. Fokaides; B.I. Ioannou; A. Foley; H. Orru; K. Orru; A. Wejs; J. Flacke; J.M. Church; E. Feliu; S. Vasilie; C. Nador; M. Matosović; A. Flamos; N.-A. Spyridaki; M.V. Balzan; O. Fülöp; S. Grafakos; I. Paspaldzhiev; O. Heidrich

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014

Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe

D. Reckien, M. Salvia, F. Pietrapertosa, S.G. Simoes, M. Olazabal, S. De Gregorio Hurtado, D. Geneletti, E. Krkoška Lorencová, V. D'Alonzo, A. Krook-Riekkola, P.A. Fokaides, B.I. Ioannou, A. Foley, H. Orru, K. Orru, A. Wejs, J. Flacke, J.M. Church, E. Feliu, S. VasilieC. Nador, M. Matosović, A. Flamos, N.-A. Spyridaki, M.V. Balzan, O. Fülöp, S. Grafakos, I. Paspaldzhiev, O. Heidrich

Climate Change Adaptation

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

96 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Cities are gaining prominence committing to respond to the threat of climate change, e.g., by developing local climate plans or strategies. However, little is known regarding the approaches and processes of plan development and implementation, or the success and effectiveness of proposed measures. Mainstreaming is regarded as one approach associated with (implementation) success, but the extent of integration of local climate policies and plans in ongoing sectoral and/or development planning is unclear. This paper analyses 885 cities across the 28 European countries to create a first reference baseline on the degree of climate mainstreaming in local climate plans. This will help to compare the benefits of mainstreaming versus dedicated climate plans, looking at policy effectiveness and ultimately delivery of much needed climate change efforts at the city level. All core cities of the European Urban Audit sample were analyzed, and their local climate plans classified as dedicated or mainstreamed in other local policy initiatives. It was found that the degree of mainstreaming is low for mitigation (9% of reviewed cities; 12% of the identified plans) and somewhat higher for adaptation (10% of cities; 29% of plans). In particular horizontal mainstreaming is a major effort for local authorities; an effort that does not necessarily pay off in terms of success of action implementation. This study concludes that climate change issues in local municipalities are best tackled by either, developing a dedicated local climate plan in parallel to a mainstreamed plan or by subsequently developing first the dedicated and later a mainstreaming plan (joint or subsequent “dual track approach”). Cities that currently provide dedicated local climate plans (66% of cities for mitigation; 26% of cities for adaptation) may follow-up with a mainstreaming approach. This promises effective implementation of tangible climate actions as well as subsequent diffusion of climate issues into other local sector policies. The development of only broad sustainability or resilience strategies is seen as critical.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	948-959
Number of pages	12
Journal	Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Volume	112
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014
Publication status	Published - Sept 2019

Keywords

Local climate policy/ planning
Mitigation
Adaptation
Urban areas/ cities
Urban audit
Europe
EU-28
Mainstreaming
Mitigation/ adaptation tracking
Mitigation/ adaptation stocktaking
Monetoring and evaluation (M&E)

Project and Funding Information

Funding Info
We thank the many council representatives that supported the datacollection. Special thanks to Birgit Georgi who helped in setting up this large net work of researchers across the EU-28. We also thank the EU COST Action TU 0902 (ledbyRichardDawson) that established the core research network and the positive engagement and interaction of th emembers of this group. OH is Fellow of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and was funded by the UK EPSRC LC Transforms: Low Carbon Transitions of Fleet Operations in Metropolitan Sites Project (grant number EP/N010612/1). EKL was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czechia, within the National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) (grant number LO1415). DG ac-knowledges support by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), Italy ("Departments of Excellence" grant L. 232/2016). HO was supported by the Ministry of Education and Research, Estonia (grantnumberIUT34-17). MO acknowledges funding from the Minist

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014

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Reckien, D., Salvia, M., Pietrapertosa, F., Simoes, S. G., Olazabal, M., De Gregorio Hurtado, S., Geneletti, D., Krkoška Lorencová, E., D'Alonzo, V., Krook-Riekkola, A., Fokaides, P. A., Ioannou, B. I., Foley, A., Orru, H., Orru, K., Wejs, A., Flacke, J., Church, J. M., Feliu, E., ... Heidrich, O. (2019). Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 112, 948-959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014

@article{23f55a9e013c4670be4f9ad862b0e217,

title = "Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe",

abstract = "Cities are gaining prominence committing to respond to the threat of climate change, e.g., by developing local climate plans or strategies. However, little is known regarding the approaches and processes of plan development and implementation, or the success and effectiveness of proposed measures. Mainstreaming is regarded as one approach associated with (implementation) success, but the extent of integration of local climate policies and plans in ongoing sectoral and/or development planning is unclear. This paper analyses 885 cities across the 28 European countries to create a first reference baseline on the degree of climate mainstreaming in local climate plans. This will help to compare the benefits of mainstreaming versus dedicated climate plans, looking at policy effectiveness and ultimately delivery of much needed climate change efforts at the city level. All core cities of the European Urban Audit sample were analyzed, and their local climate plans classified as dedicated or mainstreamed in other local policy initiatives. It was found that the degree of mainstreaming is low for mitigation (9% of reviewed cities; 12% of the identified plans) and somewhat higher for adaptation (10% of cities; 29% of plans). In particular horizontal mainstreaming is a major effort for local authorities; an effort that does not necessarily pay off in terms of success of action implementation. This study concludes that climate change issues in local municipalities are best tackled by either, developing a dedicated local climate plan in parallel to a mainstreamed plan or by subsequently developing first the dedicated and later a mainstreaming plan (joint or subsequent “dual track approach”). Cities that currently provide dedicated local climate plans (66% of cities for mitigation; 26% of cities for adaptation) may follow-up with a mainstreaming approach. This promises effective implementation of tangible climate actions as well as subsequent diffusion of climate issues into other local sector policies. The development of only broad sustainability or resilience strategies is seen as critical.",

keywords = "Local climate policy/ planning, Mitigation, Adaptation, Urban areas/ cities, Urban audit, Europe, EU-28, Mainstreaming, Mitigation/ adaptation tracking, Mitigation/ adaptation stocktaking, Monetoring and evaluation (M&E), Local climate policy/ planning, Mitigation, Adaptation, Urban areas/ cities, Urban audit, Europe, EU-28, Mainstreaming, Mitigation/ adaptation tracking, Mitigation/ adaptation stocktaking, Monetoring and evaluation (M&E)",

author = "D. Reckien and M. Salvia and F. Pietrapertosa and S.G. Simoes and M. Olazabal and {De Gregorio Hurtado}, S. and D. Geneletti and {Krko{\v s}ka Lorencov{\'a}}, E. and V. D'Alonzo and A. Krook-Riekkola and P.A. Fokaides and B.I. Ioannou and A. Foley and H. Orru and K. Orru and A. Wejs and J. Flacke and J.M. Church and E. Feliu and S. Vasilie and C. Nador and M. Matosovi{\'c} and A. Flamos and N.-A. Spyridaki and M.V. Balzan and O. F{\"u}l{\"o}p and S. Grafakos and I. Paspaldzhiev and O. Heidrich",

note = "We thank the many council representatives that supported the datacollection. Special thanks to Birgit Georgi who helped in setting up this large net work of researchers across the EU-28. We also thank the EU COST Action TU 0902 (ledbyRichardDawson) that established the core research network and the positive engagement and interaction of th emembers of this group. OH is Fellow of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and was funded by the UK EPSRC LC Transforms: Low Carbon Transitions of Fleet Operations in Metropolitan Sites Project (grant number EP/N010612/1). EKL was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czechia, within the National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) (grant number LO1415). DG ac-knowledges support by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), Italy ({"}Departments of Excellence{"} grant L. 232/2016). HO was supported by the Ministry of Education and Research, Estonia (grantnumberIUT34-17). MO acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), Spain (grant number IJCI-2016-28835). SS acknowledges that CENSE's research is partially funded by the Science Foundation, Portugal (grant number UID/AMB/04085/2019). The paper reflects only the views of the authors. The European Union, the European Environment Agency or other supporting bodies are not liable for any use that may be made of the information that is provided in this manuscript.",

year = "2019",

month = sep,

doi = "10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014",

language = "English",

volume = "112",

pages = "948--959",

journal = "Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews",

issn = "1364-0321",

publisher = "Elsevier Ltd.",

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Reckien, D, Salvia, M, Pietrapertosa, F, Simoes, SG, Olazabal, M, De Gregorio Hurtado, S, Geneletti, D, Krkoška Lorencová, E, D'Alonzo, V, Krook-Riekkola, A, Fokaides, PA, Ioannou, BI, Foley, A, Orru, H, Orru, K, Wejs, A, Flacke, J, Church, JM, Feliu, E, Vasilie, S, Nador, C, Matosović, M, Flamos, A, Spyridaki, N-A, Balzan, MV, Fülöp, O, Grafakos, S, Paspaldzhiev, I & Heidrich, O 2019, 'Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe', Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 112, pp. 948-959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe

AU - Reckien, D.

AU - Salvia, M.

AU - Pietrapertosa, F.

AU - Simoes, S.G.

AU - Olazabal, M.

AU - De Gregorio Hurtado, S.

AU - Geneletti, D.

AU - Krkoška Lorencová, E.

AU - D'Alonzo, V.

AU - Krook-Riekkola, A.

AU - Fokaides, P.A.

AU - Ioannou, B.I.

AU - Foley, A.

AU - Orru, H.

AU - Orru, K.

AU - Wejs, A.

AU - Flacke, J.

AU - Church, J.M.

AU - Feliu, E.

AU - Vasilie, S.

AU - Nador, C.

AU - Matosović, M.

AU - Flamos, A.

AU - Spyridaki, N.-A.

AU - Balzan, M.V.

AU - Fülöp, O.

AU - Grafakos, S.

AU - Paspaldzhiev, I.

AU - Heidrich, O.

N1 - We thank the many council representatives that supported the datacollection. Special thanks to Birgit Georgi who helped in setting up this large net work of researchers across the EU-28. We also thank the EU COST Action TU 0902 (ledbyRichardDawson) that established the core research network and the positive engagement and interaction of th emembers of this group. OH is Fellow of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and was funded by the UK EPSRC LC Transforms: Low Carbon Transitions of Fleet Operations in Metropolitan Sites Project (grant number EP/N010612/1). EKL was supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, Czechia, within the National Sustainability Program I (NPU I) (grant number LO1415). DG ac-knowledges support by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR), Italy ("Departments of Excellence" grant L. 232/2016). HO was supported by the Ministry of Education and Research, Estonia (grantnumberIUT34-17). MO acknowledges funding from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO), Spain (grant number IJCI-2016-28835). SS acknowledges that CENSE's research is partially funded by the Science Foundation, Portugal (grant number UID/AMB/04085/2019). The paper reflects only the views of the authors. The European Union, the European Environment Agency or other supporting bodies are not liable for any use that may be made of the information that is provided in this manuscript.

PY - 2019/9

Y1 - 2019/9

N2 - Cities are gaining prominence committing to respond to the threat of climate change, e.g., by developing local climate plans or strategies. However, little is known regarding the approaches and processes of plan development and implementation, or the success and effectiveness of proposed measures. Mainstreaming is regarded as one approach associated with (implementation) success, but the extent of integration of local climate policies and plans in ongoing sectoral and/or development planning is unclear. This paper analyses 885 cities across the 28 European countries to create a first reference baseline on the degree of climate mainstreaming in local climate plans. This will help to compare the benefits of mainstreaming versus dedicated climate plans, looking at policy effectiveness and ultimately delivery of much needed climate change efforts at the city level. All core cities of the European Urban Audit sample were analyzed, and their local climate plans classified as dedicated or mainstreamed in other local policy initiatives. It was found that the degree of mainstreaming is low for mitigation (9% of reviewed cities; 12% of the identified plans) and somewhat higher for adaptation (10% of cities; 29% of plans). In particular horizontal mainstreaming is a major effort for local authorities; an effort that does not necessarily pay off in terms of success of action implementation. This study concludes that climate change issues in local municipalities are best tackled by either, developing a dedicated local climate plan in parallel to a mainstreamed plan or by subsequently developing first the dedicated and later a mainstreaming plan (joint or subsequent “dual track approach”). Cities that currently provide dedicated local climate plans (66% of cities for mitigation; 26% of cities for adaptation) may follow-up with a mainstreaming approach. This promises effective implementation of tangible climate actions as well as subsequent diffusion of climate issues into other local sector policies. The development of only broad sustainability or resilience strategies is seen as critical.

AB - Cities are gaining prominence committing to respond to the threat of climate change, e.g., by developing local climate plans or strategies. However, little is known regarding the approaches and processes of plan development and implementation, or the success and effectiveness of proposed measures. Mainstreaming is regarded as one approach associated with (implementation) success, but the extent of integration of local climate policies and plans in ongoing sectoral and/or development planning is unclear. This paper analyses 885 cities across the 28 European countries to create a first reference baseline on the degree of climate mainstreaming in local climate plans. This will help to compare the benefits of mainstreaming versus dedicated climate plans, looking at policy effectiveness and ultimately delivery of much needed climate change efforts at the city level. All core cities of the European Urban Audit sample were analyzed, and their local climate plans classified as dedicated or mainstreamed in other local policy initiatives. It was found that the degree of mainstreaming is low for mitigation (9% of reviewed cities; 12% of the identified plans) and somewhat higher for adaptation (10% of cities; 29% of plans). In particular horizontal mainstreaming is a major effort for local authorities; an effort that does not necessarily pay off in terms of success of action implementation. This study concludes that climate change issues in local municipalities are best tackled by either, developing a dedicated local climate plan in parallel to a mainstreamed plan or by subsequently developing first the dedicated and later a mainstreaming plan (joint or subsequent “dual track approach”). Cities that currently provide dedicated local climate plans (66% of cities for mitigation; 26% of cities for adaptation) may follow-up with a mainstreaming approach. This promises effective implementation of tangible climate actions as well as subsequent diffusion of climate issues into other local sector policies. The development of only broad sustainability or resilience strategies is seen as critical.

KW - Local climate policy/ planning

KW - Mitigation

KW - Adaptation

KW - Urban areas/ cities

KW - Urban audit

KW - Europe

KW - EU-28

KW - Mainstreaming

KW - Mitigation/ adaptation tracking

KW - Mitigation/ adaptation stocktaking

KW - Monetoring and evaluation (M&E)

KW - Local climate policy/ planning

KW - Mitigation

KW - Adaptation

KW - Urban areas/ cities

KW - Urban audit

KW - Europe

KW - EU-28

KW - Mainstreaming

KW - Mitigation/ adaptation tracking

KW - Mitigation/ adaptation stocktaking

KW - Monetoring and evaluation (M&E)

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U2 - 10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014

DO - 10.1016/j.rser.2019.05.014

M3 - Article

SN - 1364-0321

VL - 112

SP - 948

EP - 959

JO - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

JF - Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

ER -

Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe

Abstract

Keywords

Project and Funding Information

UN SDGs

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European Local Climate Plans - EURO-LCPs

Cite this

Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe

Abstract

Keywords

Project and Funding Information

UN SDGs

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Datasets

European Local Climate Plans - EURO-LCPs

Cite this