TY - JOUR
T1 - Early Stepdown from Echinocandin to Fluconazole Treatment in Candidemia
T2 - A Post Hoc Analysis of Three Cohort Studies
AU - Moreno-García, E.
AU - Puerta-Alcalde, P.
AU - Gariup, G.
AU - Fernández-Ruiz, M.
AU - López Cortés, L. E.
AU - Cuervo, G.
AU - Salavert, M.
AU - Merino, P.
AU - MacHado, M.
AU - Guinea, J.
AU - García-Rodríguez, J.
AU - Garnacho-Montero, J.
AU - Cardozo, C.
AU - Peman, J.
AU - Montejo, M.
AU - Fortún, J.
AU - Almirante, B.
AU - Castro, C.
AU - Rodríguez-Baño, J.
AU - Aguado, J. M.
AU - Martínez, J. A.
AU - Carratalà, J.
AU - Soriano, A.
AU - Garcia-Vidal, C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Infectious Diseases Society of America.
PY - 2021/6/1
Y1 - 2021/6/1
N2 - Background: There are no clear criteria for antifungal de-escalation after initial empirical treatments. We hypothesized that early de-escalation (ED) (within 5 days) to fluconazole is safe in fluconazole-susceptible candidemia with controlled source of infection. Methods: This is a multicenter post hoc study that included consecutive patients from 3 prospective candidemia cohorts (2007-2016). The impact of ED and factors associated with mortality were assessed. Results: Of 1023 candidemia episodes, 235 met inclusion criteria. Of these, 54 (23%) were classified as the ED group and 181 (77%) were classified as the non-ED group. ED was more common in catheter-related candidemia (51.9% vs 31.5%; P=.006) and episodes caused by Candida parapsilosis, yet it was less frequent in patients in the intensive care unit (24.1% vs 39.2%; P=.043), infections caused by Nakaseomyces glabrata (0% vs 9.9%; P=.016), and candidemia from an unknown source (24.1% vs 47%; P=.003). In the ED and non-ED groups, 30-day mortality was 11.1% and 29.8% (P=.006), respectively. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48-10.61), Pitt score>2 (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.94-9.20), unknown source of candidemia (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.14-5.86), candidemia caused by Candida albicans (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.48-10.61), and prior surgery (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.08-0.97) were independent predictors of mortality. Similar results were found when a propensity score for receiving ED was incorporated into the model. ED had no significant impact on mortality (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.16-1.53). Conclusions: Early de-escalation is a safe strategy in patients with candidemia caused by fluconazole-susceptible strains with controlled source of bloodstream infection and hemodynamic stability. These results are important to apply antifungal stewardship strategies.
AB - Background: There are no clear criteria for antifungal de-escalation after initial empirical treatments. We hypothesized that early de-escalation (ED) (within 5 days) to fluconazole is safe in fluconazole-susceptible candidemia with controlled source of infection. Methods: This is a multicenter post hoc study that included consecutive patients from 3 prospective candidemia cohorts (2007-2016). The impact of ED and factors associated with mortality were assessed. Results: Of 1023 candidemia episodes, 235 met inclusion criteria. Of these, 54 (23%) were classified as the ED group and 181 (77%) were classified as the non-ED group. ED was more common in catheter-related candidemia (51.9% vs 31.5%; P=.006) and episodes caused by Candida parapsilosis, yet it was less frequent in patients in the intensive care unit (24.1% vs 39.2%; P=.043), infections caused by Nakaseomyces glabrata (0% vs 9.9%; P=.016), and candidemia from an unknown source (24.1% vs 47%; P=.003). In the ED and non-ED groups, 30-day mortality was 11.1% and 29.8% (P=.006), respectively. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (odds ratio [OR], 3.97; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.48-10.61), Pitt score>2 (OR, 4.39; 95% CI, 1.94-9.20), unknown source of candidemia (OR, 2.59; 95% CI, 1.14-5.86), candidemia caused by Candida albicans (OR, 3.92; 95% CI, 1.48-10.61), and prior surgery (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.08-0.97) were independent predictors of mortality. Similar results were found when a propensity score for receiving ED was incorporated into the model. ED had no significant impact on mortality (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.16-1.53). Conclusions: Early de-escalation is a safe strategy in patients with candidemia caused by fluconazole-susceptible strains with controlled source of bloodstream infection and hemodynamic stability. These results are important to apply antifungal stewardship strategies.
KW - Antifungal
KW - Candidemia
KW - De-escalation
KW - Invasive candidiasis
KW - Outcome
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85116057487
U2 - 10.1093/ofid/ofab250
DO - 10.1093/ofid/ofab250
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85116057487
SN - 2328-8957
VL - 8
JO - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
JF - Open Forum Infectious Diseases
IS - 6
M1 - ofab250
ER -