Electrical losses in multi-MW wind energy conversion systems

This paper proposes a procedure to assess the electrical losses in Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECSs) with different electrical topologies. Those losses are evaluated in an annual basis considering the randomness of the wind with a Rayleigh probability distribution function. Due to the lack of specific standards, the analysis is based on standards applicable to low voltage (LV) and medium voltage (MV) installations. After reviewing the WECSs offered in main manufacturers’ portfolio, three electric topologies have been studied with the proposed calculation procedure. The main difference among alternatives is the position of the power transformer and, therefore, the characteristics of the voltage in the wiring going down the tower. Another two alternative topologies with direct current (DC) output have also been studied. The parameters of the base case study are commented in detailed and the results of several sensitivity analyses are also presented.