Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity

Lukas Lindner; Yves Rottstaedt; Florian Schall; Felix A. Hahl; Tingpeng Luo; Can Dogan; Guillermo Nava Antonio; Xavier Vidal; Joachim Sacher; Alexander Zaitsev; Takeshi Ohshima; Marco Capelli; Brant C. Gibson; Andrew D. Greentree; Marcel Rattunde; Jan Jeske; Rüdiger Quay

doi:10.1117/12.3042797

Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity

Lukas Lindner, Yves Rottstaedt, Florian Schall, Felix A. Hahl, Tingpeng Luo, Can Dogan, Guillermo Nava Antonio, Xavier Vidal, Joachim Sacher, Alexander Zaitsev, Takeshi Ohshima, Marco Capelli, Brant C. Gibson, Andrew D. Greentree, Marcel Rattunde, Jan Jeske, Rüdiger Quay

Quantum

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

Abstract

Nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV) in diamond are promising quantum systems for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity and the linearity of such a quantum sensor can be greatly improved by using stimulated emission of the NV centers in the concept of laser threshold magnetometry (LTM), which is projected to reach the fT/sqrt(Hz) regime. Previous implementations of NV centers in optical cavities relied on external seed lasers, pulsed operation, or sensing via NV-absorption. In our work, we combine the NV centers with a second gain medium, a laser diode, within the same cavity, achieving self-sustainable continuous-wave lasing. This approach compensates the intrinsic losses of the cavity and the diamond, through a fixed additional gain below the threshold of the laser system. A continuous-wave laser threshold and a linewidth narrowing is observed with increasing pump power on the NV centers of the combined laser system. An improved laser system shows a magnetic field-dependent laser threshold, which is the basis for improved-sensitivity NV magnetometry via LTM.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III
Editors	Selim M. Shahriar
Publisher	SPIE
ISBN (Electronic)	9781510685321
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3042797
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III 2025 - San Francisco, United States Duration: 25 Jan 2025 → 31 Jan 2025

Publication series

Name	Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Volume	13392
ISSN (Print)	0277-786X
ISSN (Electronic)	1996-756X

Conference

Conference	Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III 2025
Country/Territory	United States
City	San Francisco
Period	25/01/25 → 31/01/25

Keywords

diamond
laser threshold magnetometry
nitrogen-vacancy centers
quantum sensing

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10.1117/12.3042797

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Lindner, L., Rottstaedt, Y., Schall, F., Hahl, F. A., Luo, T., Dogan, C., Antonio, G. N., Vidal, X., Sacher, J., Zaitsev, A., Ohshima, T., Capelli, M., Gibson, B. C., Greentree, A. D., Rattunde, M., Jeske, J., & Quay, R. (2025). Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity. In S. M. Shahriar (Ed.), Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III Article 1339209 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 13392). SPIE. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3042797

@inproceedings{0f2d642a15c9414b83970cf80a1a202b,

title = "Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity",

abstract = "Nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV) in diamond are promising quantum systems for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity and the linearity of such a quantum sensor can be greatly improved by using stimulated emission of the NV centers in the concept of laser threshold magnetometry (LTM), which is projected to reach the fT/sqrt(Hz) regime. Previous implementations of NV centers in optical cavities relied on external seed lasers, pulsed operation, or sensing via NV-absorption. In our work, we combine the NV centers with a second gain medium, a laser diode, within the same cavity, achieving self-sustainable continuous-wave lasing. This approach compensates the intrinsic losses of the cavity and the diamond, through a fixed additional gain below the threshold of the laser system. A continuous-wave laser threshold and a linewidth narrowing is observed with increasing pump power on the NV centers of the combined laser system. An improved laser system shows a magnetic field-dependent laser threshold, which is the basis for improved-sensitivity NV magnetometry via LTM.",

keywords = "diamond, laser threshold magnetometry, nitrogen-vacancy centers, quantum sensing",

author = "Lukas Lindner and Yves Rottstaedt and Florian Schall and Hahl, \{Felix A.\} and Tingpeng Luo and Can Dogan and Antonio, \{Guillermo Nava\} and Xavier Vidal and Joachim Sacher and Alexander Zaitsev and Takeshi Ohshima and Marco Capelli and Gibson, \{Brant C.\} and Greentree, \{Andrew D.\} and Marcel Rattunde and Jan Jeske and R{\"u}diger Quay",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 SPIE.; Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III 2025 ; Conference date: 25-01-2025 Through 31-01-2025",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1117/12.3042797",

language = "English",

series = "Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering",

publisher = "SPIE",

editor = "Shahriar, \{Selim M.\}",

booktitle = "Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III",

address = "United States",

}

Lindner, L, Rottstaedt, Y, Schall, F, Hahl, FA, Luo, T, Dogan, C, Antonio, GN, Vidal, X, Sacher, J, Zaitsev, A, Ohshima, T, Capelli, M, Gibson, BC, Greentree, AD, Rattunde, M, Jeske, J & Quay, R 2025, Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity. in SM Shahriar (ed.), Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III., 1339209, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 13392, SPIE, Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III 2025, San Francisco, United States, 25/01/25. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3042797

Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity. / Lindner, Lukas; Rottstaedt, Yves; Schall, Florian et al.
Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III. ed. / Selim M. Shahriar. SPIE, 2025. 1339209 (Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering; Vol. 13392).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution › peer-review

TY - GEN

T1 - Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity

AU - Lindner, Lukas

AU - Rottstaedt, Yves

AU - Schall, Florian

AU - Hahl, Felix A.

AU - Luo, Tingpeng

AU - Dogan, Can

AU - Antonio, Guillermo Nava

AU - Vidal, Xavier

AU - Sacher, Joachim

AU - Zaitsev, Alexander

AU - Ohshima, Takeshi

AU - Capelli, Marco

AU - Gibson, Brant C.

AU - Greentree, Andrew D.

AU - Rattunde, Marcel

AU - Jeske, Jan

AU - Quay, Rüdiger

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - Nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV) in diamond are promising quantum systems for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity and the linearity of such a quantum sensor can be greatly improved by using stimulated emission of the NV centers in the concept of laser threshold magnetometry (LTM), which is projected to reach the fT/sqrt(Hz) regime. Previous implementations of NV centers in optical cavities relied on external seed lasers, pulsed operation, or sensing via NV-absorption. In our work, we combine the NV centers with a second gain medium, a laser diode, within the same cavity, achieving self-sustainable continuous-wave lasing. This approach compensates the intrinsic losses of the cavity and the diamond, through a fixed additional gain below the threshold of the laser system. A continuous-wave laser threshold and a linewidth narrowing is observed with increasing pump power on the NV centers of the combined laser system. An improved laser system shows a magnetic field-dependent laser threshold, which is the basis for improved-sensitivity NV magnetometry via LTM.

AB - Nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV) in diamond are promising quantum systems for magnetic field sensing. The sensitivity and the linearity of such a quantum sensor can be greatly improved by using stimulated emission of the NV centers in the concept of laser threshold magnetometry (LTM), which is projected to reach the fT/sqrt(Hz) regime. Previous implementations of NV centers in optical cavities relied on external seed lasers, pulsed operation, or sensing via NV-absorption. In our work, we combine the NV centers with a second gain medium, a laser diode, within the same cavity, achieving self-sustainable continuous-wave lasing. This approach compensates the intrinsic losses of the cavity and the diamond, through a fixed additional gain below the threshold of the laser system. A continuous-wave laser threshold and a linewidth narrowing is observed with increasing pump power on the NV centers of the combined laser system. An improved laser system shows a magnetic field-dependent laser threshold, which is the basis for improved-sensitivity NV magnetometry via LTM.

KW - diamond

KW - laser threshold magnetometry

KW - nitrogen-vacancy centers

KW - quantum sensing

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U2 - 10.1117/12.3042797

DO - 10.1117/12.3042797

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105003562080

T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering

BT - Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III

A2 - Shahriar, Selim M.

PB - SPIE

T2 - Quantum Sensing, Imaging, and Precision Metrology III 2025

Y2 - 25 January 2025 through 31 January 2025

ER -

Laser threshold magnetometry with a combined laser diode, nitrogen-vacancy center cavity

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