Addressing the Challenges of Electrifying Buildings' Thermal Demand from technology and users' perspective​

Abstract

This thesis delves into the need to decarbonize the EU building sector by evaluating the transition from traditional heating systems to heat pumps. The research, driven by the analysis of factors like user engagement, energy market volatility, and renewable system dynamics, asserts that a straightforward substitution requires additional elements for user endorsement. Advanced building and system modelling techniques, coupled with optimal control algorithms, are introduced to optimize energy consumption reducing heating costs. Numerical analyses of various case studies yield evidence-based recommendations, advocating the adoption of alternative heating systems. Objectives encompass numerical demonstrations of heat pump viability, model predictive control strategy development, and modelling of renewable systems and buildings. Results indicate that a simple shift to heat pumps may not suffice for decarbonizing the building sector, especially in countries heavily reliant on fossil-fuel-based electricity generation. Outdoor temperature, electric tariffs, and energy market fluctuations significantly influence heat pump performance and costs. Stable electric markets, suitable tariffs, and end-user education are crucial for effective heating electrification. Additionally, combining heat pumps with local photovoltaic generation yields economic benefits for end-users. Predictive models, alongside weather forecasts and dynamic electric tariffs, effectively reduce heating energy consumption without compromising indoor thermal comfort. Furthermore, predictive tools and day-ahead recommendations empower end-users to actively manage their energy needs and participate in demand response programs.

Date of Award	2024
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU)
Supervisor	Luis Alfonso del Portillo Valdés (Supervisor) & David Garcia Sanchez (Supervisor)