Fuzzy-logic based framework for spectrum availability assessment in cognitive radio systems

This paper presents a novel decision-making system for the selection of methods to obtain knowledge of spectrum availability in future mobile communication systems equipped with cognitive radio system (CRS) capabilities. The proposed decision-making scheme selects the methods to obtain knowledge of spectrum availability between control channels, databases and spectrum sensing based on the specific requirements of the frequency band at hand. The developed decision-making system considers realistic frequency bands and spectrum sharing scenarios, including bands with primary allocation to mobile service where the operator governs the spectrum use, bands with co-primary or secondary allocation to mobile service where the primary users have to be protected from harmful interference, and finally license-exempt bands, where different systems coexist in uncontrolled interference conditions. Specifically, a novel rule-based decision-making system with a learning mechanism is developed to select among different spectrum sensing techniques including matched filtering, correlation detection, feature detection, energy detection, and cooperative sensing. The decision making system is further applied to operator-governed opportunistic networks, which are dynamically created temporary extensions of the mobile infrastructure networks. Performance evaluation is done by assuming changing operational conditions so as to elucidate the gains of the proposed decision making system with respect to the case when the sensing approach is kept fixed.