Graphene and Its Nanocomposites Derivatives: Synthesis, Properties, and Their Applications in Water Treatment, Gas Sensor, and Solar Cell Fields

Graphene and its derivatives have remarkable properties such as high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, large surface area, excellent hydrophilicity, and significant thermal and barrier properties. Graphene oxides and its composites can be synthesized using simple top-down procedures. Graphene is a 2D material that consists of SP² carbon atoms arranged in a honeycomb structure. Graphene oxides can be prepared from graphene, which allows functionalizing the material to achieve more significant advantages via controlling the role of the oxygen groups. Moreover, it reveals a desirable ability to form nanocomposites with various materials categories such as metals, semiconductors, metal oxides, and polymers. Graphene and its derivatives nanocomposites have been applied in extensive technological applications in electronic, biological, engineering, energy production, and energy storage. Herein, we will briefly introduce Graphene and its derivatives nanocomposites synthesis techniques, and impressive properties. We will specifically show their promising performance in separated applications such as water treatment gas sensors, and solar cell applications.