Simulation and design of beating profiles in heat controlled freeze-drying of pharmaceuticals in vials by the application of a sublimation semisphsrical model

The freeze-drying of a certain pharmaceutical contained in vials in industrial like conditions has been described by a sublimation model under analogous semispherical configuration. Several operating strategies were proved on the basis of considering three different stages during freeze-drying in relation with the modification of heating and product temperature evolutions. The model offers interesting perspectives to obtain orientative simulated results in heating strategies analysis in order to reduce drying time.