Technological and organizational pathways towards 2025 collaborative product-service connected factories of the future

This chapter describes the "Collaborative Product-Service Factory" persona identified by the ConnectedFactories H2020 project as one of the most promising scenarios for the 2025 Factories of the Future. Two main H2020 projects of the Product-Service Systems (PSS) (ICP4Life and PSYMBIOSYS) cluster are identifying technological and organizational challenges in order to implement a 360-degree interoperability between Products and Services in the manufacturing industry. The PSYMBIOSYS project is contributing to the definition of technological and organizational pathways. Organizational challenges are mostly concerned with the Knowledge-Sentiment, Business-Innovation dichotomies which are currently limiting the adoption of PSSs in Manufacturing. The ICP4Life project, on the other hand, has been more focused on the design and development of the PSS engineering platform, contributing to the Connected Factories with the application of the PSS in the manufacturing supply chain and the Product and Services different lifecycle approach.